[新聞] 美國從與臺灣斷交的拉美三國召回外交官

作者: syuanling (LingEr)   2018-09-12 12:30:29
【媒體來源】
紐約時報The New York Times 報導日期:2018年9月10日
【新聞標題】
U.S. Recalls Top Diplomats From Latin America as Worries Rise Over China’s
Influence
美國從與臺灣斷交的拉美三國召回外交官(標題依照紐約時報中文網的標題)
【完整內文】
WASHINGTON — The United States has recalled three chiefs of mission from Latin
American nations that cut diplomatic ties with Taiwan in favor of recognizing
China.
華盛頓——美國召回了三名駐拉丁美洲國家的使團團長,這三個國家最近為了承認中國,
與臺灣斷絕了外交關係。
The move comes as American officials have expressed growing unease over
China’s rising influence in the region.
此舉正值華盛頓官員對中國在拉美地區不斷增長的影響表達越來越多的不安。
The diplomats, who represent the United States in the Dominican Republic, El
Salvador and Panama, will meet with leaders in Washington “to discuss ways in
which the United States can support strong, independent, democratic institutions
throughout Central America and the Caribbean,” a spokeswoman for the State
Department, Heather Nauert, said in a written statement on Friday.
美國駐多明尼加共和國、薩爾瓦多和巴拿馬的外交官將在華盛頓與領導人見面,以「探討
美國如何在中美洲和加勒比地區支援堅強、獨立、民主的制度」,美國國務院發言人希瑟
·諾爾特(Heather Nauert)週五在一份書面聲明中說。
For decades, Taiwan and China have competed for recognition. In 1979, the
United States switched its support and officially established sovereign
relations with China, and many other countries followed. But Washington has
supported any decisions by nations to continue recognizing Taiwan, a
self-governing island that China wants to bring under Communist Party rule.
幾十年來,臺灣和中國一直在競相得到他國的承認。1979年,美國改變了對臺灣的支持,
正式與中國建立了主權關係。但華盛頓支持任何各國繼續承認臺灣的決定。臺灣是一個自
治的島嶼,中國希望將其置於共產黨統治之下。
In recent years, China has had success in courting Taiwan’s diplomatic
partners. Only 17 nations recognize Taiwan; outside the Vatican and Swaziland,
they are all islands in the Pacific and the Caribbean or countries in Latin
America.
近年來,中國在爭取臺灣的外交夥伴方面取得了成功。只剩下17個國家仍承認臺灣;除了
梵蒂岡和史瓦濟蘭,其他的都是太平洋和加勒比海的島國或拉丁美洲國家。
American officials have expressed growing concern over the shift. The United
States sells arms to Taiwan and maintains a diplomatic presence there, called
the American Institute in Taiwan, now housed in a new $250 million compound.
American officials see Taiwan’s de facto independence as an important hedge
against Chinese dominance in the Asia-Pacific region— what the United States
now calls the Indo-Pacific as it tries to strengthen ties with South Asian
nations to balance against China.
美國官員對這種轉變表示了越來越多的擔憂。美國向臺灣出售武器,並在那裡保留著一個
名為「美國在台協會」(American Institute in Taiwan)的外交機構,目前該機構位於一
個造價2.5億美元的新館內。美國官員把臺灣事實上的獨立視為對抗中國在亞太地區主導地
位的一個重要手段——隨著美國為了制衡中國,試圖加強與南亞國家的關係,美國現已改
稱亞太地區為「印太」地區(Indo-Pacific)。
Last month, El Salvador severed ties with Taiwan, prompting the White House to
accuse China of “apparent interference” in El Salvador’s domestic politics.
American officials fear that the four nations in Central America that still
recognize Taiwan — Belize, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua — could soon
follow. Last May, Burkina Faso switched recognition to China, leaving Swaziland
as the lone holdout in Africa.
上個月,薩爾瓦多與臺灣斷交,引起白宮指責中國對薩爾瓦多內政的「顯然干涉」。美國
官員擔心,中美洲仍然承認臺灣的四個國家——貝里斯、瓜地馬拉、洪都拉斯和尼加拉瓜
——可能很快也會倒戈。今年5月,布吉納法索轉向承認中國,讓史瓦濟蘭成為非洲唯一拒
絕承認中國的國家。
In June 2017, Panama cut ties with Taiwan, which surprised the United States g
overnment. The American ambassador to Panama at the time, John Feeley, said he
learned about the switch from the president, Juan Carlos Varela, only an hour
or so before Mr. Varela announced it, and only because he had called Mr. Varela
to discuss an unrelated matter.
2017年6月,巴拿馬與臺灣斷交,讓美國政府感到意外。美國當時的駐巴拿馬大使約翰‧費
利(John Feeley)說,他是在胡安‧卡洛斯‧瓦雷拉(Juan Carlos Varela)總統宣佈斷交大
約一小時前,才從瓦雷拉那裡得知這一消息的,而且只是因為他為了討論一件無關的事情
,給瓦雷拉打了電話。
Mr. Feeley, who left his post in March and is now a consultant for Univision,
said in an interview on Saturday that the recall of top American diplomats was
significant.
費利已於今年3月離任,目前是Univision的顧問。他在上週六接受採訪時說,美國召回高
級外交官意義重大。
The diplomats returning to Washington are Robin Bernstein, ambassador to the
Dominican Republic; Jean Manes, ambassador to El Salvador; and Roxanne Cabral,
the chargé d’affaires in Panama. A State Department official said they would
return to their posts by Sept. 14.
返回華盛頓的外交官是駐多明尼加共和國大使羅賓‧伯恩斯坦(Robin Bernstein),駐薩爾
瓦多大使珍‧曼內斯(Jean Manes),以及駐巴拿馬代辦洛葛仙妮‧卡布拉爾(Roxanne
Cabral)。美國國務院一名官員表示,這三人將於9月14日之前返回崗位。
The move “is an appropriate and serious signal by the U.S. government to those
three countries and to the Chinese government that it is now reviewing the
implications of the diplomatic switch and is worried that U.S. interests could
be jeopardized,” Mr. Feeley said.
此舉「是美國政府向這三個國家和中國政府發出的一個適當且嚴重的訊號,表明美國正在
評估這種外交關係改變的影響,擔心美國的利益可能會受到損害」,費利說。
“My sense is that they will be most focused on the issue of industrial and
commercial espionage and the possibility of Beijing using its embassies to
expand that activity in those countries and the Caribbean Basin,” he added.
「我的感覺是,他們最關注的將是工商業間諜的問題,以及北京方面利用其大使館擴大在
這些國家和加勒比海地區間諜活動的可能性」,他補充說。
China is now the world’s second-largest economy and is expected to overtake
the United States as the largest one in 10 to 15 years.
中國現在是世界第二大經濟體,預計將在未來10到15年內超過美國,成為世界最大經濟體

It is difficult for any nation, especially a small one, to decide not to
recognize the sovereignty of China.
讓任何國家、尤其是小國不承認中國的主權相當困難。
China and Taiwan have long engaged in what some observers call “checkbook
diplomacy” to woo countries by offering aid or other incentives. China’s
financial packages have increased in recent years, especially as it has
promoted infrastructure projects abroad and related loans and contracts as part
of what it calls its Belt and Road Initiative.
中國和臺灣長期從事被一些觀察人士稱為「支票簿外交」的活動,通過提供援助或其他激
勵措施來爭取他國的支持。中國提供的資助金額近年來有所增加,尤其是在中國推動的基
礎建設專案上,以及與中國稱之為「一帶一路」倡議有關的貸款和契約上。
Jorge Guajardo, a former Mexican ambassador to China, said on Saturday that the
recall was “heavy handed.” The United States should not be surprised as Latin
American governments push back against American requests, he added, when
President Trump has continued to alienate the people of Latin America.
墨西哥前駐華大使豪爾赫‧瓜哈爾多(Jorge Guajardo)上週六說,召回使節是一種「高壓
手段」。他補充說,在川普總統繼續疏遠拉丁美洲人民的時候,拉美國家政府拒絕美國的
要求,美國不應該感到驚訝。
“Trump has openly and systematically offended Latin American countries and
their people,” Mr. Guajardo wrote in an email. “He labels us as rapists and
criminals, has never traveled to the region as president, has deported and
separated families, and threatened to cut all sort of aid. China comes with an
offer of friendship and economic development (albeit one that I don’t think
will pan out). Why the surprise?”
「川普已幾次公開地、有意地冒犯了拉美國家及其人民」,瓜哈爾多在一封電子郵件中寫
道。「他給我們貼上性侵犯和罪犯的標籤,從未以總統的身份去過這個地區,他驅逐移民
、拆散家庭,還威脅要切斷所有形式的援助。中國以提供友誼和經濟發展機會(儘管我認
為這不會成功)的姿態來到這裡。有什麼可驚訝的?」
The United States has yet to fill some ambassador posts in the region,
including those in Mexico and Panama, Mr. Guajardo noted, whereas China has
assigned ambassadors in all Latin American nations with which it has diplomatic
relations.
美國在該地區的一些大使職位一直空缺著,包括駐墨西哥和巴拿馬的大使職位,瓜哈爾多
出,而中國已向所有與之有外交關係的拉美國家派駐了大使。
“Save a few countries in Latin America, the region as a whole has a historical
preference for the U.S. as the main ally,” he said. “This changed when Trump
assumed the presidency. It was his call, his choice, to turn away from the
region.”
「除了拉丁美洲的少數國家外,整個拉美地區在歷史上都傾向于把美國作為主要盟友」,
他說。「川普就任總統後,情況發生了變化。是他決定、他選擇離開這個地區的。」
China has grown more strident over the issue of Taiwan since Tsai Ing-wen, a
strong critic of Beijing, became president of Taiwan in May 2016. Chinese
officials have worked to erase any recognition by corporations of Taiwan’s
sovereignty. For example, they successfully pressured international airlines
this summer, including those in the United States, to list just “Taipei,” a
city designation, in their booking systems rather than phrases that included
“Taiwan,” as was the case for decades.
自從強烈批評北京的蔡英文於2016年5月擔任臺灣總統以來,中國在臺灣問題上變得更加強
硬。中國官員一直在努力消除任何企業對臺灣主權的承認。比如,今年夏天,中國官員成
功地向國際航空公司(包括美國公司在內)施壓,要求它們在訂票系統中只把「臺北」作
為一個城市列出,而不是像過去幾十年那樣使用「臺灣」的說法。
Last month, Ms. Tsai made state visits to Belize and Paraguay to try to
strengthen ties with those nations.
上個月,蔡英文對貝里斯和巴拉圭進行了國事訪問,試圖加強與這兩個國家的關係。
【新聞連結】
中英文版:
https://tinyurl.com/yb8dmk3u
英文原文版:
https://tinyurl.com/ydhptqo5
紐時中文版是由簡體中文翻譯而成,繁體版是由簡體版轉換而來,用語仍是中國用語。本
文將用語調整成臺灣用語,調整如下:
「合同」改為「契約(contract)」、「特朗普」改為「川普(President Trump)」、
「強姦犯」改為「性侵犯(rapist)」。
【備註心得】
三個拉丁美洲國家與臺灣斷交,美國召回大使,其中之美方觀點、小國觀點(倒數三、四
段)、墨西哥前駐華大使豪爾赫‧瓜哈爾多之觀點。
其他報導:
(德國之聲,報導日期:2018.09.10)
《美以行動挺臺 中美洲外交受考驗?》
連結:https://p.dw.com/p/34asS
(RFI法國國際廣播電台,報導日期:2018.08.22)
《薩爾瓦多與台灣斷交,美國罕見做出強烈反應》→官員引用《台灣關係法》第二條
連結:https://tinyurl.com/y9feftxp
作者: lbowlbow (沉睡的小貓)   2018-09-12 14:33:00
中國成為世界最大經濟體?這作者是不是有什麼誤會啊?世界最大經濟黑洞的話倒是有可能超過美國
作者: Tomwalker (黃小羊)   2018-09-12 14:57:00
紐時中文版幾乎成為人民日報海外版了,對中國當然好話說盡。
作者: darkseer   2018-09-12 14:59:00
欸我覺得說像人民日報 就有點像說人像紅衛兵 其實要達到中共做法的10%還是挺難的XD好奇問:NYT現在在匪區可以上嗎? btw大推原po整理只是要說紙面上的錢流量,如果中共的經濟這樣玩還能再上升十年是會超過美國沒錯吧,雖然跟可支配所得是兩回事當然像一樓說的,這種輕描淡寫預測未來是很隨便就是了
作者: lbowlbow (沉睡的小貓)   2018-09-12 16:21:00
不過紐約時報好像不是第一次出現這種超不嚴謹的報導了
作者: darkseer   2018-09-17 01:29:00
通常來說網頁版應該會在那句話放個超連結做為出處這篇文章的英文版也沒有,不過話說回來,要說NYT不嚴謹那台灣的媒體應該沒有任何可以的吧,Fox news也不行

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