戴爾美語練功坊 英檢閱讀測驗(7/10日)
下面一篇閱讀測驗，大約在英檢中級程度，
同學可試做看看，了解自己的實力。
The three phases of the human memory are the sensory memory,
the short-term memory, and the long-term memory. This division of
the memory into phases is based on the time span of the memory.
Sensory memory is instantaneous memory. It is an image or memory
that enters your mind fleetingly; it comes and goes in under a second.
The memory will not last longer than that unless the information enters
the short-term memory. Information can be held in the short-term
memory for about twenty seconds or as long as you are actively using it.
If you repeat a fact to yourself, that fact will stay in your short-term
memory as long as you keep repeating it. Once you stop repeating it,
either it is forgotten or it moves into long-term memory.
Long-term memory is the almost limitless memory tank that can
hold ideas and images for years and years. Information can be added
to your long-term memory when you actively try to put it there through
memorization or when an idea or image enters your mind on its own.
1. The best title for this passage would be?
(A) the difference between sensory and short-term memory
(B) how long it takes to memorize a new word
(C) how to classify the stages of human memory
(D) the time span of human phases
2. According to the passage, which type of memory is the shortest?
(A) sensory memory
(B) active memory
(C) short-term memory
(D) long-term memory
3. The three phases of memory discussed in this passage are
differentiated according to
(A) different locations responsible for memory in the brain.
(B) the period of time it takes to remember a number.
(C) how the senses are involved in the memory.
(D) how long the memory lasts in human brain.
答案：1. C 2. A 3. D
原文及題目翻譯：
人類記憶的三個狀態為感官記憶、暫存記憶及長期記憶。這樣的區分
記憶是以記憶停留的時間為基礎。
感官記憶是瞬息間就消逝的記憶，它是短暫進入思想的圖像或記憶，
進出只花一秒鐘。此類記憶除非進入暫存記憶區否則不會持久。資訊進入
暫存記憶區可以停留約廿秒或更長，只要你一直使用它。如果你對自己複誦
一個事實，那個事實只要你不斷複誦就會一直停留在暫存記憶區。一旦你
停止複誦，這個訊息不是被忘記了就是進入長期記憶區。
長期記憶區幾乎就像一個沒有極限的記憶庫，可以長期保存概念或影像。
當你試著將資訊利用記憶的方法去記它，或者一個想法或影像自動進入你的
思想中，它就會進入長期記憶區。
1. 本文最適合的標題是
(A) 感官記憶與長期記憶的差異。
(B) 記憶一個單字要花多久時間。
(C) 如何分類人類的記憶階段。
(D) 人類時期的期間。
2. 根據本文，哪一種記憶最短暫？
(A) 感官記憶
(B) 積極記憶
(C) 短期記憶
(D) 長期記憶
3. 本文中的三種記憶期是根據什麼來做區分？
(A) 大腦中負責記憶的不同位置。
(B) 記得一個數字要花的時間。
(C) 感官如何與記憶有關。
(D) 記憶在人類大腦中停留的時間。