網址: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middleware
在第一段: Middleware is computer software that provides services to software
applications beyond those available from the operating system. It can be
described as "software glue"
Middleware is computer software that provides services to software applications
，到這裡都還看得懂，Middleware是一個提供給software applications的電腦軟體。
從beyond those available from....就看不懂了。
問題一:
beyond是介係詞，介係詞是用來表示它後面的「受詞」與句子中其他字之間的關係。
所以在這裡很清楚知道受詞指的是those，但我看不出those是跟句子中的哪一個東西有關
係。
問題二:
從句子中很清楚知道，available from the operating system是用來修飾those的
those表示的是複數，指的是software applications嗎?