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原標題 : UKs Competition and Markets Authority looking into
possible market abuse by Google against Windows phones
原新聞連結 : http://goo.gl/2Rv7tj
英國平等交易局調查Google利用市場壟斷排斥WP
It is no secret, Microsoft’s mobile platforms have struggled,
from Windows Phone to Windows 10 Mobile. Even the dearest of fans
can attribute at least some of the blame towards Microsoft, they
haven’t done themselves any favours. However, many also believe
that Google has intentionally acted to thwart any possible success
of a 3rd mobile platform which could risk its market dominance.
We’ve already witnessed the fall of one once popular mobile operating
system, BlackBerry, which now focuses on building products for
Google’s operating system – Android.
微軟的手機作業系統深陷泥淖早已是公開的秘密，不論是WP還是W10M皆然。
即使是最忠貞的鐵粉也無法否認這部分要歸功於MS自身，但許多人同時也
相信Google在檯面下的小動作也阻止了任何第三方OS成為有力的競爭者。
我們已經目睹了一個曾經廣受歡迎的作業系統的崩壞，而黑莓這家公司如
今正在為Google的Android開發客製化產品。
Now, we have been informed by the UKs Competition and Markets
Authority (CMA), the government body assigned to ensure market fairness
and transparency, is looking into launching an investigation against
Google over possible abuse of its dominant position in the mobile market.
Of particular concern is that there are only 2 major mobile operating
systems on the market – Android and iOS, with Android taking the majority
of the market. Generally, a market is recommended to have 3 major
competitors, as is the case with the mobile service provider market.
This is the general rule of thumb to ensure that consumers have choice
and that companies don’t take advantage of their positions.
我們近日收到英國公平交易局這個負責維持市場均衡的機構的通知，表示
政府已經開始準備調查Google是否在濫用其市場壟斷地位。針對Google的
擔憂，是目前的手機市場只有兩個主要競爭者：Android和iOS，而其中
Android又占有大部分的市場。一般而言，理論建議同一個市場中須有三個
主要競爭者，以讓消費者有充分的選擇權、同時避免任何公司濫用其市場
佔有率，此法則同樣適用於手機OS市場。
In the letter received from the CMA, it stated that a complaint has
been made against Google and the information they’ve received has
been passed to their Pipelines Team which “analyses and assesses the
information we receive and advises on which cases offer the best
prospect to make real differences for consumers.” The authority
also made clear that, whilst an investigation isn’t guaranteed,
they’re looking into the information they have and will be getting
in touch with the companies involved, presumably Microsoft and Google,
to make “detailed enquiries,” and that it will help them understand
how the “market is working and may in time lead to us taking some
further action.”
UK公平交易局表示，他們已經將收到的針對Google的指控交付給旗下的小組，
他們將會分析他們獲得的資訊，並提供建議看究竟哪種情況會對消費者最有利。
官方同時保證，即使不一定會有正式的深入調查，他們一定會就現有的資料詳
細的與涉入這次事件的公司，也就是MS與Google，進行深入的溝通，以對現在
手機市場的運行狀況有更深了解，並決定是否要有進一步的行動。
In recent times, Google has seemingly made a few attempts that could
be seen as market abuse, which includes:
1. Blocking access to one or more of its services to consumers
on a competing platform, whether temporary or permanent.
2. Restricting consumers access to one or more of its service
on a competing platform, or making it more tedious to access.
There’s also the issue of Google not offering any of its apps on
Microsoft’s mobile platform. Followed by its intentional blocking
of Microsoft’s own third-party YouTube app, which could be construed
as direct market abuse.
近年來，Google有幾項行為可以被視為濫用壟斷，包括：
1. 暫時或永久阻止競爭對手平台的使用者使用其服務。
2. 暫時或永久限制競爭對手平台的使用者使用其服務。
同時Google並沒有在MS的手機OS上推出任何他的app，並阻止MS自行開發的youtube
應用程式上架，這已可直接解釋為濫用其市場壟斷。
Users of its Gmail service recently made the headlines after Google
made the service inaccessible to email clients on Windows 10 Mobile,
with a Google engineer later replying that they’ve fixed the issue,
after many user complaints on their product forums. The engineer also
said that Google did not intentionally block Gmail for Windows 10 Mobile
users.
Gmail的使用者最近才因為無法從W10M登入其帳號登上了頭條，而一位Google
工程師也隨後出來說明他們已經解決了此問題，並針對使用者在他們論壇上的
大量抱怨，回應Google並非刻意阻止W10M使用者使用Gmail。
(可參考http://goo.gl/7kAEWX)
If the CMA decide to proceed with a full investigation, Google would
need to respond to the authority’s concerns and provide evidence to
the contrary. Companies are legally obliged to cooperate with the CMA,
or they could face fines for market abuse, which can be hefty in some
cases.
如果公平交易局決定進入全面調查階段，Google需要提供證據表示他們並沒有
濫用壟斷的意圖。每間公司在法律上皆有義務與公平交易局合作接受調查，否
則將會面對在某些情形下非常龐大的罰款。
The CMA recommends that, if any consumer feels another company is abusing
its market dominance or has information to provide related to Google
and Windows phones, to report it via their website here.
As this is an ongoing case, the authority will not be providing further
updates, until when or if, an investigation takes place. In the meantime,
they will be collecting information and evidence submitted by consumers
and making enquiries.
公平交易局同時建議消費者，若有感受到任何公司有濫用壟斷的行為、或有任何
與Google和WP此一案件的相關資訊，皆可以透過他們的網站(https://goo.gl/nmxi86)
提報。
由於這是進行中的調查，官方不會在有進展前再有任何進度報告。同時，他們會
持續收集消費者提供的資訊，並向相關人士持續收集證據。