原文標題：EU seeks US alliance to counter China rare earth crackdown
原文連結：
https://uk.news.yahoo.com/eu-seeks-us-alliance-counter-094752093.html
發布時間：Tue 14 October 2025 at 5:47 pm GMT+8
記者署名：By Philip Blenkinsop
原文內容：
HORSENS, Denmark (Reuters) - The European Union is seeking to coordinate with
the United States and other G7 partners a response to tighter Chinese controls
on the export of rare earth minerals, trade ministers and officials from the
bloc said on Tuesday.
丹麥霍森（路透社）——歐盟正尋求與美國及其他七大工業國（G7）合作，協調回應中國
近期加強的稀土出口管制，歐盟貿易部長與官員週二表示。
China, the world's largest rare earth producer, dramatically expanded controls
last week, adding new elements, refining technology and extra scrutiny for
semiconductor users ahead of planned talks between Presidents Donald Trump and
Xi Jinping.
中國作為全球最大的稀土生產國，上週大幅擴大了出口管制範圍，新增多種稀土元素、精
煉技術項目，並對半導體用戶加強審查，這一舉措發生在川普與習近平即將會談之前。
European Trade Commissioner Maros Sefcovic called the measures unjustified and
said EU ministers meeting in Denmark to discuss trade issues described them
as a "critical concern".
歐盟貿易事務專員馬洛什·謝夫喬維奇（Maros Sefcovic）批評這些措施「毫無正當理由
」，並表示在丹麥舉行的歐盟貿易部長會議上，各國部長將此視為「嚴重憂慮」。
Previous Chinese controls announced in April caused shortages around the world
, such as for carmakers, before a series of deals with Europe and the U.S.
eased the supply crunch.
中國先前於四月宣布的出口限制，曾導致全球出現供應短缺，尤其影響汽車製造商；直到
中、美、歐達成一系列協議後，供應壓力才有所緩解。
Sefcovic said G7 finance ministers were likely to discuss options on Wednesday
and added he had discussed the issue with U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard
Lutnick.
謝夫喬維奇表示，G7財長預計將於週三討論對策，他本人也已與美國商務部長霍華德·盧
特尼克（Howard Lutnick）就此問題進行磋商。
"We brainstormed yesterday that it would be advisable after this first
discussion to have a G7 video call pretty soon," he said before the EU
ministers' meeting.
他在歐盟部長會議前表示：「我們昨天集思廣益後認為，最好在這次初步討論後儘快召開
一次G7視訊會議。」
Sefcovic said he was also likely to speak to his Chinese counterpart early
next week.
謝夫喬維奇補充，他也可能在下週初與中國的貿易官員直接對話。
Danish Foreign Minister Lars Rasmussen said the EU needed a united and "tough"
response and to flex its muscles as "the world's biggest trading bloc".
丹麥外長拉斯·拉斯穆森（Lars Rasmussen）表示，歐盟必須展現團結與「強硬」立場，
並展現作為「全球最大貿易體」的實力。
"But we also need to be realistic. This is actually an area of common interest
with our friends in the U.S. If we stick together we can much better pressure
China to act in a fair way," he said.
他補充說：「但我們也要務實。這實際上是我們與美國朋友的共同利益。如果我們團結一
致，就能更有效地迫使中國採取公平行動。」
Trump's immediate response was to threaten China with 100% tariffs, sparking a
Wall Street sell-off.
川普的即時回應是威脅對中國徵收100%的關稅，導致華爾街出現拋售潮。
Rasmussen did not favour tariffs, advocating instead frank and open
discussions with Beijing.
然而，拉斯穆森並不贊成加徵關稅，而是主張與北京進行坦誠且開放的對話。
Sefcovic also said that coordination with G7 partners could take the form of
seeking to diversify supply, such as advancing joint projects to extract or
process critical minerals.
謝夫喬維奇還表示，與G7夥伴的協調可能會包括推動供應多元化，例如共同開發或加工關
鍵礦產資源的合作專案。
心得/評論：
歐洲嚴重依賴中國稀土供應（約占進口量98%以上），短期內缺乏替代來源
儘管歐洲有潛在礦藏（例如瑞典北部、芬蘭、葡萄牙）
但開採與環評流程緩慢
且內部國家對中國政策立場不一致（德國汽車業與中國關聯深）