推 yheb88: 奇怪？我怎麼記得從殘骸判決上是自沈的可能性很大 05/28 19:52
其實俾斯麥到底是自沉還是被擊沉一直以來都有很大的爭議
之前自沉論的主要來源是2002年James Cameron的紀錄片
Discovery拍攝發行的紀錄片：「重返俾斯麥號」
由海底攝影機紀錄的船身被破壞的情況顯示
英國海軍的炮彈和魚雷產生的損害不足以發沉沒
之後的後續調查也是傾向這個情況
而俾斯麥當時的輪機室長也出面證實當時確實有打開通海閥
但是大概在去年底有新的資料被提出來
http://www.kbismarck.com/
http://www.bismarck-class.dk/bismarck/history/bisfinalbattle.html
是出自俾斯麥紀念網站
27 May 1941 / 1020
On the Bismarck, men who survived the fusillade began to make their way off
the ship. Awaiting them was the oil-covered waters of the North Atlantic, the
final refuge for Bismarck’s crew. As survivors leapt overboard, some were
thrown against the ship’s side and perished. Others hit the water only to be
killed when hitting the bilge keel or a jagged torpedo blister that was
lurking beneath the surface. Scuttling charges had been set and Fregattenkapit
än Hans Oels made his way through the ship instructing those he found to
jump over the side. Watertight doors, seacocks and flooding valves were
opened as Bismarck was prepared for scuttling. In Section XIII of the battery
deck, Oels discovered around 300 men surging toward the ladders. He screamed
at them to maintain order, but a huge explosion ripped through the crowd
killing many including Oels.
俾斯麥在10:20分打開通海閥
27 May 1941 / 1039
Colours still flying, Bismarck took a heavy list to port. The port secondary
guns were almost submerged. At 1039, Bismarck capsized to port and sank in
position 48º 10' north, 16º 12' west taking Günther Lütjens, Ernst
Lindemann and hundreds more down with her.
然後只花了19分鐘，在10:39就沉了
首先確實有打開通海閥，所以這是沒問題的，輪機室長也是正確的
但是 19 分鐘?
首先俾斯麥號是一艘標準排水量41,700噸、滿載排水量50,405噸的戰艦
在1916年自沉的Kaiser-Klasse中的Friedrich der Grosse
他滿載排水量大概只有一半多，自沉用了 1 小時多
而滿載排水量是31,200噸的SMS Hindenburg自沉則花了 6 小時
戰艦霧島舵機被打壞、鍋爐艙也爆掉、船身中段火災、水線下的破孔使船艦右傾
甚至因為怕火燒到彈藥庫，已經三次對彈藥庫注水
這樣霧島還是花了 1 小時左右才自沉完畢
戰艦土佐在被當成靶艦跟試驗艦好一陣子之後
拖去自沉也花了 3 小時
所以俾斯麥的情況可能是?
1. 被英國海軍打到快爆掉，此時船身已經大量進水
打開通海閥意義不大 (就像快被警察抓到趕快自首的感覺)
2. 德國通海閥的進水量是世界第一