※ 引述《A6 (短ID真好)》之銘言：
: 為什麼烏克蘭人要在匈牙利開記者會 而且匈牙利會接受烏克蘭戰俘
: 因為這些是烏克蘭與匈牙利爭議地區的匈牙利族
: 同時具有匈牙利籍 在離境時被征招入伍
後來我查了一下 Transcarpathia 地區 大約有14萬匈牙利族
他們的母語是匈牙利語
但是在2017年烏克蘭法案 強迫所有學校只准教國語
這法案原本是針對俄羅斯語地區 也就是這次爭議的烏東地區
但是同樣的關閉了位於 Transcarpathia 的匈牙利語學校
引起匈牙利不滿
今年夏天有份威尼斯針對烏克蘭對少數民族人權報告 可能會出
匈牙利作為回應 歐班大公(匈牙利總統) 擴大解釋匈牙利國籍法
授予Transcarpathia 地區 匈牙利族 匈牙利公民身分
今年一月 更移除Transcarpathia 部分建築物上的匈牙利國旗
其實如果回去看2017年的烏匈Transcarpathia問題
和現在的俄烏戰爭起因 烏東俄語居民面臨的問題差不多
匈牙利的對應 也和俄羅斯差不多 甚至匈烏軍隊在邊境對峙
只不過 匈牙利最後沒出兵
同時和瑞典收留土耳其流亡者土耳其反對其加入北約一樣
匈牙利可能是烏克蘭加入北約的阻礙
烏克蘭強迫他語言民族民族在學校用國語
有沒有很熟悉的fu
ㄎㄎ
順道補充幾點
1. 烏克蘭2023年的移民新規定 規定烏克蘭語 為移民條件唯一語言
2. 烏克蘭歐班大公 去年在世界盃期間 因為配戴的圍巾
還被烏克蘭媒體暗示有大匈牙利主義
3. 匈烏邊境 不允許匈牙利護照通過 只允許有烏克蘭護照的公民通過
https://www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/transcarpathia-stops-hungary-from-approving-closer-ukraine-nato-cooperation/
Transcarpathia is a region in Western Ukraine that shares a border with
Hungary, home to 96.8% of the 140,000 Hungarians living in Ukraine and 98.2%
of those that speak Hungarian as a native language.
Following Ukrainians (80.5%) in this region, Hungarians are the largest
community (12%). Over the last decade, there have been heated debates
between the two countries on the rights of the Hungarian ethnic minority in
Transcarpathia, eventually leading to Hungary blocking Ukraine’s NATO
accession.
The language question
In 2017, the Ukrainian Parliament passed a Law on Education which limited the
existing rights of ethnic minorities to be educated in their native language.
Two years later, a new State Language Law was adopted, proclaiming that the
Ukrainian language was compulsory in all spheres of public life.
Even though the main objective of the new language legislation was to tackle
the Russian influence in Eastern Ukraine, it has also raised concerns.
In 2019, the Venice Commission, the Council of Europe’s top advisory body on
constitutional matters, said several of the law’s articles “failed to
strike a fair balance” between promoting the Ukrainian language and
safeguarding minorities’ linguistic rights.
In January 2023, the national flags of Hungary were taken down from the
public buildings in several settlements, including the Transcarpathian town
of Munkács (Mukachevo), and the employment of some teachers affiliated with
the Subcarpathian Hungarian Cultural Association (KMKSZ) was terminated.
The Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs State Secretary Tamás Menczer
condemned the incident in January, stressing that these events are “
unacceptable”.
“We do not exactly understand how anti-Hungarian decisions and measures help
Ukraine in the war against Russia”, – he wrote on Facebook.
Currently, not all Hungarians in Transcarpathia can study in their language.
The lack of Hungarian kindergartens and schools in some settlements plays a
significant role in that, and the higher the level of education, the more
Hungarian children and youngsters are forced to study in the state’s
official language.
However, the Ukrainian State Language Protection Commissioner Taras Kremin’
identified “a lack of classes with Ukrainian as the only language of
instruction in some districts of Transcarpathia”, which violates Ukrainian
law.
He also noted that education in the language of ethnic minorities is not
foreseen in Ukrainian legislation, but instead, “Separate classes(groups)
teaching in the language of the national minorities should be established
along with the classes in Ukrainian. The number and teaching hours of the
subjects taught in Ukrainian should be gradually increased.”
The Ukraine’s renewed and exacerbated concern about the only state language
can be explained by the ongoing war with Russia.
At the end of 2022, at the EFNIL International Conference, Ukraine presented
a report on the Russian policy of “linguicide”, reminding that the
Ukrainian language has been systematically banned and suppressed.
For Ukraine, the 2019 Law on the State Language finally introduced effective
legal and institutional mechanisms to ensure the state status of Ukrainian.
對了 當然匈牙利還是很講義氣的 提供砲彈給烏克蘭
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