1.媒體來源:
CNN BUSINESS
2.記者署名:
Anna Cooban
3.完整新聞標題:
Russia has defaulted on its foreign debt, says S&P
4.完整新聞內文:
Russia has defaulted on its foreign debt because it offered bondholders
payments in rubles, not dollars, credit ratings agency S&P has said.
Russia attempted to pay in rubles for two dollar-denominated bonds that
matured on April 4, S&P said in a note on Friday. The agency said this
amounted to a "selective default" because investors are unlikely to be able
to convert the rubles into "dollars equivalent to the originally due amounts."
信用評級機構標準普爾表示，俄羅斯已違約其外債，因為它以盧布而非美元向債券持有人
付款。
俄羅斯試圖以盧布購買兩隻於 4 月 4 日到期的美元計債券。該機構表示，這相當於“
選擇性違約”，因為投資者不太可能將盧布兌換成“當初到期金額的美元”。
According to S&P, a selective default is declared when an entity has
defaulted on a specific obligation but not its entire debt.
Moscow has a grace period of 30 days from April 4 to make the payments of
capital and interest, but S&P said it does not expect it will convert them
into dollars given Western sanctions that undermine its "willingness and
technical abilities to honor the terms and conditions" of its obligations.
莫斯科從 4 月 4 日起有 30 天的寬限期來支付本金和利息，但鑑於西方制裁，削弱了其
“履行條款的能力”
A full foreign currency default would be Russia's first in more than a
century, when Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin repudiated bonds issued by the
Tsarist government.
Russia cannot access roughly $315 billion of its foreign currency reserves as
a result of Western sanctions imposed following its invasion of Ukraine.
Until last week, the United States allowed Russia to use some of its frozen
assets to pay back certain investors in dollars. But the US Treasury has
since blocked the country from accessing its reserves at American banks, part
of its effort to ramp up pressure on Russian President Vladimir Putin and
further diminish his war chest.
俄羅斯將在一個多世紀以來首次出現全面的外匯違約。 由於西方在入侵烏克蘭後實施的
製裁，俄羅斯無法動用其大約 3150 億美元的外匯儲備，雖說美國才允許俄羅斯使用其
部分凍結資產以美元償還投資者。但美國財政部此後阻止俄羅斯從美國銀行獲得儲備。
JPMorgan estimates that Russia had about $40 billion of foreign currency debt
at the end of last year, with about half of that held by foreign investors.
摩根大通估計，截至去年年底，俄羅斯的外幣債務約為 400 億美元，其中約一半由外國
投資者持有。
Moscow prepares to go to court
Russia is now planning legal action.
"We will sue, because we undertook all necessary action so that investors
would receive their payments," Finance Minister Anton Siluanov told
pro-Kremlin Izvestia newspaper on Monday.
"We will show the court proof of our payments, to confirm our efforts to pay
in rubles, just as we did in foreign currency. It won't be a simple process,"
he added. He did not say who Russia planned to sue.
Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said in a press conference last week that
any default would be "artificial" because Russia has the dollars to pay — it
just can't access them.
"There are no grounds for a real default," Peskov said. "Not even close."
俄羅斯現在正計劃採取法律行動。
財政部長安東·西盧安諾夫週一告訴親克里姆林宮的媒體“我們將向法庭出示我們的付款
證明，以確認我們用盧布付款的努力，就像我們用外幣付款一樣。
克里姆林宮發言人德米特里·佩斯科夫上週在新聞發布會上表示，任何違約都是“人為的
”，因為俄羅斯有美元要支付...只是我們無法獲得美元。
Russia has gone to great lengths to artificially prop up the ruble — which
sank by as much as 40% to less than one US cent in the days after the
invasion — including by hiking interest rates to 20%, and by forcing
exporters to swap most of their foreign currency revenues for rubles.
That measure is still in place but the central bank has decided to relax some
other restrictions, Reuters reported Monday, and last week announced that it
was cutting interest rates to 17%.
The ruble was trading at 79 to the US dollar on Monday, according to data
from Refinitiv. That's about 5% weaker than on Saturday.
俄羅斯竭盡全力人為地支撐盧布——在入侵後的幾天裡，盧布下跌了 40% 至不到 1 美分
——包括將利率提高到 20%，並迫使出口商交換大部分商品。他們的外幣收入換成盧布。
路透社週一報導稱，該措施仍在實施，但央行已決定放寬其他一些限制，並於上周宣布
將利率降至 17%。 根據路孚特的數據，週一盧布兌美元匯率為 79 美元。這比周六低了
約 5%。
5.完整新聞連結 (或短網址)需放媒體原始連結，不可用轉載媒體連結:
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/11/investing/russia-default-sp/index.html
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