1.媒體來源:
daily mail
2.完整新聞標題:
Ghosts of the USSR: Eerie photographs show Soviet-era space shuttles left to
rust in an abandoned desert hangar in Kazakhstan
Two test space shuttles found in abandoned Soviet hangar close to the
Cosmodrome Baikonur in Kazakhstan
兩艘測試太空梭在哈薩克的廢棄蘇聯機棚中被發現
The two space craft were developed as part of USSR's Buran space programme
which was shut down in 1993
在1993年被終止的太空計畫
A giant Energia rocket, designed to propel shuttles in to space, is also
pictured in the same derelict complex
一個負責運載太空梭的火箭也遺留在當地
3.完整新聞內文:
These eerie photographs show how USSR-era space craft have been left to rust
in an abandoned desert hangar in Kazakhstan.
Two test shuttles were found inside a derelict Soviet warehouse near the
Cosmodrome Baikonur, 125 miles east of the Aral Sea.
They were both developed as part of Moscow's Buran programme which was shut
down in 1993 - but neither of the craft were sent to space.
In the same building, photographers pictured a vast Energia rocket, designed
to propel the Buran, an unmanned space plane, into orbit.
The USSR designed the rocket to compete with Nasa's Saturn V, the super-lift
launch vehicle that supported the Apollo mission to the moon.
被遺棄的這些東西是當時為了跟Nasa計畫的Saturn V對抗
Alexander Kaunas, from Russia, said he walked 24 miles through the desert to
reach the hangar - once a hub of activity but now left derelict - and
photograph the unused shuttles and rocket.
Like Nasa's Space Shuttles, the Buran vehicles had engines located at the
back, and two wings for a controlled landing back on Earth.
The Russian model had striking external similarities to the US Space Shuttle
Columbia sparking suggestions Cold War espionage may have played a part in
its development.
Both US Space Shuttles and Buran had the same shape and size, the same
vertical tail structures and even similar colours - white with a black trim.
Documents that emerged in the late 1990s revealed how the KGB stole the
designs for the US shuttle in the 1970s and 1980s enabling the Kremlin to
build a carbon copy of the American system.
而美國的太空梭和蘇俄設計的一模一樣 包括配色和形狀
後來的文件指出當時KGB偷了美國的設計 並且做出了一份複製品
A 1985 CIA report said there was 'espionage by hostile intelligence officers,
overt collection, by East Bloc officials, acquisition by scientific exchange
program participants and illegal trade-related activity.'
Files from US databases - much of them unclassified - were raided from the
mid-1970s to the early 1980s, according to the CIA analysis, called 'Soviet
Acquisition of Militarily Significant Western Technology'.
The report said: 'Documents acquired dealt with airframe designs (including
the computer programs on design analysis), materials, flight computer
systems, and propulsion systems. This information allowed Soviet military
industries to save years of scientific research and testing time as well as
millions of rubles as they developed their own very similar space shuttle
vehicle.'
關於間諜行動的內容
Similar claims of espionage were made in the 1960s when Russia's supersonic
Tupolev TU-144 passenger jet was unveiled. It closely resembled the
British-French Concorde which got off the ground two months later.
Development of the Buran programme began in 1976, with the reusable
spacecraft capable of performing operations in orbit before returning to
Earth.
But after one unmanned spaceflight of the Orbiter 1K1 in 1988, the scheme was
scrapped following the dissolution of the USSR in 1993.
1988年開始了無人機上太空的計畫後 太空梭計畫就在1993年被停止
Orbiter 1K1 was crushed and destroyed in the same complex - but in a
different hangar - in 2002. The collapse killed eight workers.
另一艘太空梭在2002年由於機棚倒塌損毀並使8名工人死亡
The rocket Kaunas pictured was designed by Russia's top space agency, to act
as a heavy-lift launch system and booster for the Buran spaceplane. It has
been left abandoned in the disused hanger since 1991.
The Energia weighs in at a massive 2,400,000kg (5,300,000 lb) depsite being
made of super-light metals.
The super-strong rocket ship could carry 100 tonnes (100,000kg) - the
equivalent of 16 African elephants - into orbit.
Unusually, the Energy carried its considerable payload on its side, rather
than on the top.
The giant hangar that houses the rocket was actually an assembly complex and,
measuring 433ft (132 metres) long by 203ft (62 metres) in height, it is the
largest building at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
Huge sliding gates 138 by 118ft (42 by 36 metres) would have allowed the
shuttles to have been rolled out to the launchpad nearby.
To protect the shuttles from a possible shockwave if a heavy launch vehicle
exploded nearby, the structure was made of reinforced steel.
The room was also intended to be a 'clean room' devoid of dust when working
on the orbiters, so the doors leading out of the central area could be
sealed.
The hangar is located near to the Baikonur Cosmodrome, which is still used to
launch Soyuz rockets today.
上面這些是說明火箭的設計以及工廠的內裝
Kaunas, a film director, was thrilled once he reached the shuttles and spent
three nights sleeping inside the abandoned area.
He said: 'It's fun to find some places where people can't get in, it makes my
photos unique. We walked about over 24 miles through the dessert with huge
bags, until we got to the shuttles.
'We were walking the whole night, because the area is still secured, and we
didn't want to be seen during the day on route. When we came into the hangar,
it was so dark, I couldn't find the shuttles using my flashlight.
'I thought I'd got the wrong building, but suddenly my spotlight caught the
wing of Buran. My first thought, when I glance on it was, "that's huge."'
Kunas has explored other space rocket facilities and warns how sleeping in
such buildings can be difficult.
He added: 'Despite being alone here, we did not feel that way. We didn't
speak much and only whisper if needed.
'We spent three nights on the cosmodrome, and every night we couldn't sleep
as every sound of birds or wind woke me up. It felt like sleeping in a house
with a ghost, the ghost of USSR.'
一個導演溜進去以後的感想
4.完整新聞連結 (或短網址):
http://tinyurl.com/n3gw5yf
5.備註:
內文不用太認真看 主要是照片真的不錯
補一下懶得點進去看的話 有水管的影像紀錄
https://youtu.be/MQEo_Xj8vlQ?t=57s