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這次是鼎鼎大名的英國哲學家John Stuart Mill的著作On Liberty。
Some, whenever they see any good to be done, or evil to be remedied, would
willingly ___ the government to undertake the business; while others prefer to
bear almost any amount of social evil, rather than add one to the departments
of human interests amenable to governmental control.
同學們考試的時候如果把整句看完，注意力一定會被句子裡很多的生字們引開。所以我們
先把句子簡化。
Some… …would willingly ___ the government to undertake the business; while
others prefer to bear almost any amount of social evil.
while在這裡代表的是「然而」的意思，上下兩句的句意須相反。下文是說人們願意背負社
會責任，可見上文就是人們不願意背負責任，人們不願背負責任當然就是想要政府來承擔
這些責任。所以空格裡可以填的是「鼓勵、刺激、命令」這類意思的詞，正確答案我們稍
後公布。
如果這樣的句意仍然讓你對選擇選項沒有信心，我們再開始看後面的句子。
Some… …would willingly ___ the government to undertake the business; while
others prefer to bear almost any amount of social evil, rather than add one to
the departments of human interests amenable to governmental control.
rather than，「而不是…」，代表前後句意是相反的。如果「rather than…
governmental control.」這句與「while others…of social evil,」兩句相反，而且「
while others…of social evil,」跟「Some…to undertake the business;」這句相反，
表示「rather than…governmental control.」與「Some…to undertake the business;
」代表的是相同的意思。
「rather than…governmental control.」說的是把責任放到政府上，所以第一句說的也
是把責任放到政府上。
那麼正確答案就呼之欲出了，就是instigate v. 教唆、慫恿、刺激。
整句的意思如下：
Some, whenever they see any good to be done, or evil to be remedied, would
willingly ___ the government to undertake the business; while others prefer to
bear almost any amount of social evil, rather than add one to the departments
of human interests amenable to governmental control.
當看到有些好事正等著被完成、或壞事等著被彌補時，有些人(公民)會願意讓政府來承擔
這些責任；然而有些人卻想把這些社會責任全部扛下，而不願意把一丁點的責任交由政府
掌控。