課程名稱：個體經濟學
課程性質：必修
課程範圍：ch1~ch3的部分只考到邊際效用分析法
開課教師：鄭鴻章
開課學院：
開課系級：國貿系
考試日期(年月日)：2015/11/19
考試時限(Mins)：120mins
附註：三四有點忘記了就大概打一下
試題本文：
(一)
The rent control agency of an Asian city has found that aggregate demand
is QD=160-8P. Quantity is measured in tens of thousands of apartments. Price,
the average monthly rental rate, is measured in hundreds of dollars. The
agency also noted that the increase in Q at lower P results from more
three-person families coming into the city from the rural countryside and
demanding apartments. The city's board of realtors acknowledges that this is
a good demand estimate and has shown that supply is Qs=70+7P.
a.If both the agency and the board are right about demand and supply, what
is the free market price? What is the change in city population if the agency
sets a maximum average monthly rental of $300, and all those who cannot find
an apartment leave the city?
b.Suppose the agency bows to the wishes of the board and sets a rental of
$900 per month on all apartments to allow landlords a "fair" rate of
return.If 50 percent of any long-run increases in apartment offerings come
from new construction, how many apartments are constructed?
(二)
The table below shows the retail price and sales for instant coffee and
roasted coffee for 1997 and 1998
___________________________________________________________________________
| | Retail price | Sale | Retail price | Sale |
| year | of | of | of | of |
| | instant coffee | instant coffee | roasted coffee | roasted coffee |
| | ($/Lb) | (Million Lbs) | ($/Lb) |(Million Lbs) |
|______|________________|________________|________________|________________|
|1997 |10.35 |75 |4.11 |820 |
| | | | | |
|1998 |10.48 |70 |3.76 |850 |
|______|________________|________________|________________|________________|
a.Using this data alone. estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand
for roasted coffee.Derive a linear demand curve for roasted coffee.
b.Now estimate the short-run price elasticity of demand for instant coffee.
Derive a liner demand curve for instant coffee.
c.Which coffee has the higher short-run elasticity of demand? Why do you
think this is the case?
(三)
關於租稅轉嫁，每小題分別回答(i)(ii)
(i)消費者與生產者，誰負擔的租稅較重
(ii)計算無謂的損失
a.自由市場下，大學教科書一本50元，可賣出100萬本。政府對其徵收貨物稅後，售價增
加為55元，售出60萬本，出版商實際收到30元。
b.自由市場下，機票一張500元，可賣出500萬張。政府對其徵收貨物稅後，售價增加為
550元，售出150萬張，出版商實際收到450元。
c.自由市場下，牙刷一支1.5元，可賣出200萬支。政府對其徵收貨物稅後，售價增加為2
元，售出80萬支，出版商實際收到1.25元。
(四)
請詳細推導邊際效用分析，再由消費均衡條件進而推導出Marshallian demand curve，並
解釋其經濟意義。
(五)
設某農產品市場的供需如下:
Pt=20+2qs(t+1) supply function
Pt=80-qd(t) demand function
則
a.第五期的價格為何?(設Po=100)
b.此市場是否為穩定市場?
###每大題占20%